5 8 13 A large proportion of people living in socioeconomically deprived areas have unpaid caring responsibilities, linking households and enhancing transmission risk. 5 Furthermore, crowded households are often multigenerational family groups, including people in high exposure occupations and vulnerable older people. Office of National Statistics data show those living in six person households were three times more likely than two person households to be infected. The risk of household transmission within crowded and otherwise inadequate housing intersects with financial barriers to isolation and inability to work from home. 12 This finding is consistent with reports that lost wages are the primary reason for not following isolation guidelines. 11 Although willingness to self-isolate was high across all respondents, the self-reported ability to isolate was three times lower among those earning less than £20 000 (€23 000 $27 000) a year or who had less than £100 saved. 11 Notably, lower rates of adherence have been reported among men, younger people, key workers, those living with dependent children, and those in lower socioeconomic groups. 10 Survey data from the UK suggest that less than one in five people are able to adhere to isolation protocols. However, the ability to quarantine until test results are available, and to isolate if positive, depends on people having the space and resources to do so. Most countries have used testing as a tool to interrupt transmission chains by encouraging isolation of contacts. 1 5 9 An equitable and effective public health response requires the integration of supportive services to effectively decrease their contact rates and subsequently risk of infection. 5 6 7 8ĭespite the vaccine rollout, many younger people, particularly those working in high exposure occupations, living in overcrowded housing, or without a home will remain subject to an ongoing burden of quarantine orders, along with a disproportionate risk of infection and onward transmission for the foreseeable future. 1 2 3 4 Socioeconomically disadvantaged and many ethnic minority groups have been disproportionately affected, with increased risk of infection, hospital admission, and death. Striking and widening disparities in covid-19 related outcomes have highlighted the intersection of socioeconomic disadvantage and health inequalities, enhanced by structural racism. Before vaccination, the public health response focused on testing and population-wide restrictions, with the goal of decreasing contact between susceptible and contagious individuals. The resurgence of covid-19 in the autumn of 2020 in many northern countries, including the UK, has been associated with tremendous morbidity and mortality. Government action needed now to reduce infections and deaths

Keymaker indir dosya tc